Sri Lanka

There is an ongoing risk of terrorist attacks in Sri Lanka. Terrorists may target areas popular with foreigners and tourists, including in regional and coastal towns. 

The ongoing conflict in the Middle East could lead to an increased threat of attacks against Israeli interests in other regions. 

Terrorism is a threat worldwide.

Terrorism can occur anywhere at any time. Be alert to possible threats. Take official warnings seriously. Terrorists may target areas popular with foreigners and/or visited by tourists.

To reduce your risk of being involved in a terrorist attack:

• avoid crowded areas
• always be alert
• follow the advice of local authorities
• monitor the media and other sources

A terrorist attack on 21 April 2019 targeted prominent hotels and churches in the cities of Colombo, Negombo and Batticaloa. Over 250 people were killed, and more than 450 injured.

When you're travelling:

• carry travel and identification documents for any checkpoints
• allow additional time to clear security formalities
• be prepared to undergo increased security checks at Bandaranaike International Airport

More information:

• Terrorism

Public demonstrations can occur throughout Sri Lanka and may become violent. Tear gas and water cannons may be used.

Demonstrations can lead to disruptions to traffic and public transport. Follow the advice of local authorities and monitor the media for updates. 

Public emergencies can be declared, and curfews imposed at short notice. Carry relevant travel and photo identification documents with you at all times.

To stay safe during periods of unrest:

• avoid all protests and large public gatherings
• monitor the news for planned or possible unrest
• obey curfews and seek local advice on safety and security
• follow the instructions of security personnel

If you're detained, ask to contact the Australian High Commission (see 'Local contacts').

Security forces are visible, particularly in the Northern and Eastern provinces.

Military and police have wide-ranging powers and may:

• establish checkpoints or road closures without warning
• impose curfews
• detain people without charge for long periods
• search people, vehicles, homes or commercial premises

Authorities may apply travel restrictions for foreigners without notice.

More information:

• Demonstrations and civil unrest

Marked and unmarked minefields and unexploded weapons remain in some areas. Most are in the Northern and Eastern Provinces. Most of the Eastern Province has been cleared but some isolated areas remain uncleared.

There are marked and unmarked minefields and unexploded weapons in the Northern Province and parts of the Eastern Province. Stay on main roads. Pay close attention to landmine warning signs.

Pickpocketing, bag snatching, and other petty crime are risks. Be careful of theft in crowds and these locations:

• markets
• sporting events
• public transport
• hotels and guesthouses

Avoid unlit areas and places away from crowds, including city streets, village lanes and beaches.

Crimes can include:

• verbal harassment
• physical advances
• drink-spiking

To protect yourself:

• keep your belongings close, especially in crowded areas
• don't accept food, drinks, gum or cigarettes from strangers
• don't leave your drinks unattended
• if you aren't sure if a drink is safe, leave it
• stay with people you trust at parties and in bars, nightclubs and taxis

Be alert to the potential risks around drink spiking and methanol poisoning through consuming alcoholic drinks. See our advice on partying safely while overseas.

Sexual Assault

Women may experience:

• unwanted attention
• sexual harassment
• assault
• sexual assault

Take care in:

• areas popular with foreigners
• markets
• public buses
• 3-wheeled vehicles (tuk-tuks)

If you’re a victim or survivor of sexual assault, try to move to a safe place and find someone you know and trust to support you. You may need urgent medical care.

If you want to report the assault, you should contact the Sri Lankan police immediately. You can also call the Australian High Commission in Colombo for consular help (see ‘Local contacts’). The Australian High Commission can't make a police report on your behalf, but can speak to the police once you have made a report and can follow up on your case.

If you choose to report the assault, make a statement at a local police station before you depart Sri Lanka. You may wish to seek consular help before you visit. Police may not take your statement if you’ve already returned to Australia. Statements from you and witnesses can be used as evidence in criminal court proceedings.

More information: 

• Advice for women travellers
• Sexual Assault Overseas

Scams and fraud

Scams and fraud are a problem, such as:

• credit card fraud, including skimming
• traders overcharging foreigners for goods or services
• traders selling travellers fake goods, especially jewellery and gems

Ask your credit card provider how to prevent credit card fraud.

Cyber safety

You could face cyber threats in any country, anyone is a target. Your devices and data can be stolen, especially when using public Wi-Fi, computers, or Bluetooth. Criminals can use stolen information to conduct scams or to resell your personal information.

The Australian Cyber Security Centre has advice on how to protect yourself online.

Social media can also be risky in places with social or political tensions or strict laws. People have been arrested for what they posted online. Check the laws of the destination you’re travelling to and think about what you post on social media. The Australian Government can’t get you out of trouble if you’re accused of breaking the law.

More information:

• Cyber security when travelling overseas 

Kidnapping

Kidnapping can happen anywhere, anytime, including in destinations that are typically at lower risk.

The Australian Government’s longstanding policy is that it doesn’t make payments or concessions to kidnappers. 

More information, including advice on how to reduce your risk of kidnapping: 

• Kidnapping 

Drink spiking

Drink spiking can happen anywhere. Be alert to the potential risks, and don't leave food or drinks unattended. Pay attention when your drinks are being mixed. If you feel any symptoms, tell your friends immediately. Ask someone you trust and know well to take you to a safe place. If a friend shows any of these symptoms, don't leave them alone. You may need to seek medical care.

Methanol poisoning

Locals and foreigners, including Australians, have died or become seriously ill from poisoned drinks overseas. Methanol is highly toxic. As little as one shot can be fatal. Methanol can be added or accidentally created during poor quality alcohol distillation and production. Protect yourself by making smart drink choices. Choose branded beers, ciders, wines and premixed cocktails in sealed bottles and cans. Get urgent medical help if you suspect you’ve been poisoned. 

More information:

• Partying safely while overseas

Transport and tour operators don't always follow safety and maintenance standards. This includes adventure activities, such as water sports.

If you plan to do an adventure activity:

• check if your travel insurance policy covers it
• check operators' credentials
• ask about and insist on minimum safety requirements
• always use available safety gear, such as life jackets or seatbelts

If proper safety equipment isn't available, use another provider.

Swimming conditions at some beaches are unsafe, and there can be strong rips.

Lifesaving services are rare and not to the same standard as Australia.

Take appropriate precautions.

Saltwater crocodiles are present in some locations in Sri Lanka, and fatal attacks have occurred. Ask for local advice, and don't swim in rivers or lagoons.

Sri Lanka experiences severe weather, including flooding and landslides. 

Cyclone Ditwah

Sri Lanka continues to recover from the impacts of Cyclone Ditwah. Floodwater has receded, landslides have been cleared and major roads are open. Travel and transport connections have been re-established to most parts of the country, but some areas continue to experience disruptions to essential services and local road closures.

Parts of Sri Lanka’s central mountain regions, including popular tourist destinations such as Kandy, Nuwara Eliya and Ella, were more heavily impacted than coastal areas. Periodic landslide alerts continue to be declared in some areas.

If you choose to travel to Sri Lanka:

• Check local conditions before travelling, particularly to central mountain areas of the country
• Ensure you have comprehensive travel insurance
• Contact your travel provider for updates on the regions you plan to visit

Before you travel by road or rail to the following areas, check local conditions with local authorities or your travel provider:

• All central mountain districts, including Kandy, Nuwara Eliya, Ella, and surrounding regions
• The Mahaweli River Valley

For assistance or emergency support, call the Sri Lanka Tourism Emergency and Assistance Centre's 24/7 hotline on 1912. The centre can assist with guidance, safety information, and travel support.

A high-risk flood warning has been issued for low-lying areas of Kelani River basin in Western province, including the capital Colombo.

If you are in an affected area:

• move to higher ground, away from rivers and low-lying areas
• check local media and weather reports
• confirm your flight before going to the airport
• follow the instructions of local authorities

Landslide warnings remain in place in the following districts:

• Kandy
• Kegalle
• Kurunegala
• Matale

Natural disasters

Tsunamis can occur. There is minimal tsunami evacuation route signage, and many tsunami warning towers are not operational. 

If there is a tsunami:

• know the emergency plan at your accommodation
• follow instructions and advice from local authorities
• follow evacuation orders

If a natural disaster occurs:

• secure your passport in a safe, waterproof location or always carry it on you (in a waterproof bag)
• follow the advice of local authorities
• monitor media and other sources
• keep in touch with friends and family
• consult with your tour operator about disruptions to your travel plans

More information:

• Sri Lanka Department of Meteorology
• Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System
• Disaster Management Centre
• SLTDA | Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority
• Sri Lanka Flood & Emergency Update | Situation Update

Get comprehensive travel insurance before you leave.

It must cover all medical costs overseas, including evacuation. The Australian Government will not pay for these costs.

If you can’t afford travel insurance, you shouldn’t travel. This is true for everyone, even if you are healthy and fit.

If you don’t have insurance, you might have to pay thousands of dollars up front for medical care.

Before you travel, check your policy, make sure:

• you know what activities and medical care your insurance covers, including evacuations
• your insurance covers you for your whole trip, including any stopovers
• you know any exclusions – for example, you might need to pay extra for activities like motorcycling, snow sports or bungee jumping.

More information:

• Travel insurance

Think about your health before you travel, especially if you have any medical conditions.

See your doctor or a travel clinic to:

• get a basic check-up
• ask if your travel plans might affect your health
• find out what vaccinations you need.

If you're concerned about your mental wellbeing, or someone else's, read more about mental health support overseas.

More information:

• General health advice
• Healthy holiday tips (Healthdirect Australia)
• Managing your mental health

Import delays may impact your ability to access some medicines.

Not all medications available in Australia are accessible in other countries. Some medicines may be illegal, even if prescribed by an Australian doctor.

Ensure your medication is legal overseas. Take enough for your whole trip.

Carry a copy of your prescription and a letter from your doctor stating:

• medication names
• your required dosage
• that the medications are for your personal use.

More information:

• Medicines

Insect-borne diseases

Dengue fever is a risk in Sri Lanka. Outbreaks of dengue occur in all regions of Sri Lanka.

The risk of insect-borne illnesses increases during the wetter months. This is December to March in the northeast and May to October in the southwest.

If you have a fever, seek medical attention.

Refer to the Ministry of Health's Epidemiology Unit for the latest information on dengue cases in Sri Lanka.

Outbreaks of other insect-borne diseases often occur, including:

• chikungunya
• Japanese encephalitis
• filariasis

To protect yourself from disease:

• use mosquito and insect repellent
• wear long, loose, light-coloured clothing
• get vaccinated against Japanese encephalitis

Other health risks

Foodborne, waterborne and other infectious diseases sometimes occur, including:

• typhoid
• hepatitis
• leptospirosis
• rabies

To protect yourself:

• drink boiled water or bottled water with sealed lids
• avoid ice cubes
• avoid uncooked and undercooked food, such as salads

Get medical advice if you have a fever or diarrhoea.

Rabies is found in animals in Sri Lanka. Rabies is fatal without immediate treatment. Avoid dogs, monkeys and bats. Seek medical help straight away if an animal bites or scratches you. 

More information:

• Infectious diseases

Medical services and care in Colombo are below Australian standards. Outside of Colombo, facilities are extremely limited, especially for mental health and emergency services.

Mental health services are limited and below Australian standards.

There’s no agreement between Australia and Sri Lanka for free healthcare. Private hospitals will ask you to pay a deposit or prove you have insurance coverage before treating you. Public general hospitals are free for Sri Lankan nationals. Tourists must pay for all medical care, even if they need to stay in hospital or be evacuated. This can be very expensive. Make sure your travel insurance covers you. The Australian Government won't pay for these costs.

Facilities are limited for scuba-diving injuries. Sri Lanka's only operational decompression chamber is at the Sri Lanka Navy Base in Trincomalee.

If you become seriously ill or injured, you'll need to be evacuated to a place with better facilities. Medical evacuation can be very expensive.

Legal proceedings in Sri Lanka are often lengthy. You may not be permitted to depart the country while legal proceedings are ongoing, and this may also apply when you are the victim of a crime. 

In certain cases, Sri Lankan law permits:

• arrest without warrant
• extended detention without charge or trial
• reversal of the onus of proof

Public Emergencies can be declared, and curfews imposed at short notice.

When you travel to another country, you must follow their laws. Even if they seem strict compared to Australia's. Before you go, learn about the local laws in that country.

The Australian Government is limited in how and when we can help if you're arrested overseas. We can't get you out of trouble or out of jail. Understand our limits. Read the Consular Services Charter. 

Drugs

Penalties for carrying or using illegal drugs are severe and include the death penalty.

More information:

• Carrying or using drugs

Other laws

Authorities may apply the death penalty for murder or rape.

The legal drinking age is 21 years.

Always carry official photo ID. If you don't, authorities may detain you.

In Sri Lanka it's illegal to:

• cover your face in a way that prevents your identification
• smoke in most public places
• drink alcohol in most public places
• engage in same-sex relationships

You must not take photos, record video or operate a drone in High-Security Zones (HSZ), including:

• military establishments
• some government buildings
• official residences

Some HSZs may not be signposted.

It's illegal to mistreat Buddhist images, including:

• having your back to Buddha
• posing for a photograph next to a statue of Buddha
• wearing tattoos, jewellery or clothing associated with Buddhism

You must have legal authorisation to export certain items, such as antiquities. Contact the Sri Lankan Department of Archaeology for details.

More information:

• Sri Lankan Customs (Sri Lankan)
• Advice for LGBTQIA+ travellers

Some Australian criminal laws still apply when you're overseas. If you break these laws, you may face prosecution in Australia.

More information:

• Staying within the law

Sri Lanka recognises dual nationality.

More information:

• Dual nationals

Standards of dress and behaviour are conservative in Sri Lanka. Respect religious traditions and objects. Take care not to offend.

Respect local restrictions and observances around religious holidays.

Full moon (Poya) days are celebrated once a month. Authorities ban the sale and purchase of alcohol and fresh meat on these days.

Seek local advice before you take photos of places of worship and nearby areas. You may cause offence.

Visas

To enter Sri Lanka, you'll need a visa in the form of an Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA). You should do this before you travel, as there are limited facilities to obtain an ETA on arrival at Colombo's Bandaranaike International Airport. 

If you engage in activities that breach your visa conditions, authorities could detain or deport you.

Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. 

Contact the High Commission of Sri Lanka for details about visas, currency, customs and quarantine rules.

Pay close attention to the date your visa expires. You could receive a large fine if you overstay your visa.

Yellow fever and Cholera

If you're travelling from a country with yellow fever or cholera you need to present evidence that you've received the relevant immunisations.

You need a yellow fever vaccination certificate even if you've only transited through an affected country. This rule applies for the 9 days before you enter Sri Lanka. Babies under one year old are exempt.

Border authorities and airlines may request evidence of immunisations. All travellers should carry proof of vaccination status in English.

Find out about returning to Australia after exposure to yellow fever.

More information:

• Sri Lanka Ministry of Foreign Affairs
• Countries with a risk of yellow fever (PDF 152KB)

Validity

Many countries require your passport to be valid for at least 6 months before entering or departing. This includes for transit.

If your passport expires too soon, you might not be able to travel.

The Australian Government doesn’t make these rules. Check your passport’s expiry date before you go. If you’re not sure, it’s a good idea to get a new passport.

Lost or stolen passport

Your passport is valuable and can be used by others to commit crimes. 

Don’t let anyone trick you into giving it to them. Always keep it in a safe place.

If your passport is lost or stolen, tell the Australian Government: 

• In Australia: contact the Australian Passport Information Service.
• Overseas: contact the nearest Australian embassy or consulate.

Passport with 'X’ gender identifier 

Australian passports comply with international standards for sex and gender. If your passport has an 'X' in the sex field, we can’t guarantee your entry or transit to other countries. Ask the embassy or consulate of your destinations if they’ll accept your passport with an 'X' gender marker. Check all transit destinations too.

More information:

• LGBTQIA+ travellers 

The local currency is the Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR).

You can change Australian dollars for LKR at:

• the airport
• commercial banks in major centres

Most major towns and cities have ATMs. Some ATMs don't accept international cards.

You can withdraw cash from Visa and MasterCard cards at most major banks.

Hotels and major shops will accept credit cards.

Before you travel, ask your bank if your cards will work in Sri Lanka.

Check your statements, as credit card fraud and card-skimming occur.

High Security Zones

You must get approval from the Ministry of Defence to:

• meet military officials
• visit military establishments
• enter High Security Zones

Limit travel in High Security Zones and near military and government installations.

Be ready to present your approval documents at roadblocks and checkpoints.

Driving permit

To drive in Sri Lanka, you need either:

• a valid International Driving Permit (IDP) endorsed by the Automobile Association of Sri Lanka (AA)
• a temporary Sri Lankan driver’s licence from the Department of Motor Traffic

To apply for a local licence, you must pay the fee and provide:

• your Australian driver’s licence (digital driver's licences may not be accepted)
• a copy of your passport
• a copy of your Sri Lankan visa
• passport photos

If you drive without an IDP or Sri Lankan driver's licence, you may not be covered by your travel or vehicle insurance.

Road travel

Demonstrations in Sri Lanka can lead to disruptions to traffic and public transport.

Driving in Sri Lanka is hazardous. Road accident injuries and deaths are common.

Driving standards are poor. Vehicles aren't well maintained.

If you plan to drive in Sri Lanka:

• learn local traffic laws and practices
• drive carefully and legally
• don't drink and drive

More information:

• Road safety

Motorcycles

Ask your travel insurer if your policy covers you when riding a motorbike.

Always wear a helmet.

Taxis

If you have a local SIM card, ridesharing apps are available in major cities. However, vehicle standards vary.

Public transport

Demonstrations in Sri Lanka can lead to disruptions to public transport.

Safety standards on buses and trains may be lower than in Australia.

There are a high number of road deaths and injuries, especially on intercity buses. There have also been fatal accidents on Sri Lankan railways in recent years.

Take care of your belongings because theft occurs. See Safety.

More information:

• Transport and getting around safely

Sea travel

Piracy occurs in the coastal areas of Sri Lanka.

Get piracy reports from the International Maritime Bureau.

• Travelling by boat

Air travel

Commercial passenger flights are operating with regular connections to Australia. Flight schedules may change at short notice. 

Allow additional time to clear security formalities and be ready to present travel documents at checkpoints.

Curfews and other security measures could affect domestic travel, including flights.

DFAT doesn't provide information on the safety of individual commercial airlines or flight paths.

Check Sri Lanka's air safety with the Aviation Safety Network.

More information:

• Air travel

Depending on what you need, contact your:

• family and friends
• travel agent
• insurance provider
• employer
• airline

Fire and rescue services

Call 110.

Medical emergencies

Call 110.

In Colombo, you can also call +94 11 269 1111.

Police

Call 118 or 119 or go to your local police station.

Tourist police

Call +94 11 242 1052 or +94 11 242 1451.

Always get a police report when you report a crime.

Your insurer should have a 24-hour emergency number.

The Australian Government aims to provide high quality consular assistance. There are limits to what we can do. Read the Consular Services Charter to understand how we can assist you overseas.

For consular assistance, contact the Australian High Commission in Colombo.

Australian High Commission, Colombo

21, Srimath R. G. Senanayake Mawatha (formerly Gregory's Road)
Colombo 7, Sri Lanka

Phone: +94 11 246 3200
Fax: +94 11 268 6453
Email: consular.colombo@dfat.gov.au
Website: srilanka.embassy.gov.au
X: Australia in Sri Lanka
Facebook: Australia in Sri Lanka

Check the High Commission website for details about opening hours and any temporary closures.

24-hour Consular Emergency Centre

In a consular emergency, if you can't contact an embassy, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on:

• +61 2 6261 3305 from overseas
• 1300 555 135 in Australia