Advice levels
What does this mean?Exercise a high degree of caution in India overall due to the threat of terrorism and crime and the risk of civil unrest. (see Safety).
Do not travel If you're already in this location, you should consider leaving if it’s safe to do so. If you do travel, get professional security advice. Your travel insurance policy might be void. The Australian Government may not be able to help you.Do not travel
Do not travel to the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, the India-Pakistan border (except the Attari-Wagah border crossing), or Manipur, due to the danger of armed clashes, terrorist activities and violent demonstrations.
This doesn't apply to the Union Territory of Ladakh, which was established as its own union territory of India in October 2019, separate from the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir (see 'Safety').
Reconsider your need to travel Avoid non-essential travel. Do your research and check that your insurer will cover you. If you do travel, take extra precautions to protect yourself from security and health risks.Reconsider your need to travel
Reconsider your need to travel to:
- the Attari-Wagah border crossing
- Chhattisgarh and the border areas of its neighbouring states
- Nagaland
- Assam's Tinsukia, Dibrugarh, Charaideo and Sivasagar districts
due to the high risk of violence (see 'Safety').
Overview
Safety
- Following recent hostilities in Jammu and Kashmir and border areas with Pakistan a ceasefire has come into effect. We recommend you monitor local media, take official warnings seriously and follow the advice of local authorities.
- Airports across northern and western India have reopened for flight operations. Check flight times with your airline well in advance of your flight and allow extra time for heightened security checks in place.
- We continue to advise do not travel to the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, the entire India-Pakistan border, or Manipur. This doesn’t apply to the Union Territory of Ladakh, which was established as its own union territory of India in October 2019, separate from the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
- Always be alert to possible threats near the Attari-Wagah border crossing. The Attari Border has been closed.
- Terrorist activities, violent demonstrations and armed clashes sometimes occur in India. Avoid crowded places and possible targets. Large crowds at religious ceremonies and gatherings can also be dangerous. People have been killed in stampedes. Always have an exit plan.
- Women may face higher levels of verbal and physical harassment or sexual assault. Avoid travelling alone, even in major cities and tourist sites.
- Travellers have been robbed and assaulted after consuming spiked drinks or food. Don't leave your food or drinks unattended or accept food or drinks from strangers. Be alert to the potential risks around drink spiking and methanol poisoning through consuming alcoholic drinks. See our advice on Partying safely while overseas.
- Petty theft is common in crowded areas such as markets and public transport. Thieves on motorbikes snatch bags and jewellery. Carry only what you need. Pay close attention to your belongings.
- Scams are common. These can involve fake tour guides, ATM and credit card skimming, and fraudulent access to government services. If you're a scam victim, report it to the police to get an official report for your travel insurer.
- Severe weather is common. This includes heat waves and dust storms in summer and flooding during the monsoon season. Check with your tour operator for possible disruptions.
- Curfews and restrictions have been imposed in parts of Manipur following violent demonstrations which have resulted in casualties. Security agencies have increased their presence in the region. Mobile data, internet and transport services continue to be affected. Further restrictions may be imposed at short notice. If you are in Manipur, you should consider leaving if it’s safe to do so. Monitor local media for updates, follow the advice of local authorities and take official warnings seriously.
Full travel advice: Safety
Health
- Medical facilities in major cities have adequate treatment standards. The availability of treatment can be very limited or unavailable in remote and rural areas. You may need to be evacuated if you're seriously ill or injured. Medical evacuation can be very expensive.
- Various strains of influenza occur throughout India.
- Insect-borne diseases are common. Malaria is a risk in many parts of India, including major cities. Dengue is widespread, especially during the monsoon season. Zika virus outbreaks may occur. Other insect-borne diseases include Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya and filariasis. Ensure your accommodation is insect-proof. Use insect repellent. Get vaccinated. If you're pregnant, discuss this with your doctor.
- Cases of Mpox have been reported in India. Maintain strict hygiene standards and avoid physical contact with anyone who has Mpox (see ‘Health risks’).
- HIV/AIDS is widespread. Take precautions if you engage in high-risk activities.
- Waterborne, foodborne, parasitic and other infectious diseases are very common. These include cholera, typhoid and hepatitis. Drink only treated or bottled water. Avoid raw or undercooked food.
- Air pollution can reach dangerous levels, especially in winter. It can disrupt transport and cause breathing problems. Discuss your travel plans with a doctor if you have an existing health condition. Elderly persons, pregnant mothers and those with newborns should take extra care.
Full travel advice: Health
Local laws
- Always carry your passport and ensure you have a valid visa. It's illegal not to. Conducting missionary work without a proper visa is illegal.
- Carrying or using a satellite phone or GPS-enabled devices (including emergency locator beacons) without official permission is illegal. Failure to comply could result in arrest, detention, large fines, confiscation of the device and significant travel delays.
- Don't use or carry illegal drugs. Penalties for possession, use, or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe and include mandatory sentences and the death penalty.
- Check local alcohol laws before you visit. Laws on the legal drinking age and alcohol purchase vary between states.
- It's illegal to import, possess or use e-cigarettes, vaporisers or their components, such as refills. Penalties include imprisonment.
- It's illegal to fly drones and other unmanned aircraft without official permission. Contact local police for advice. It's illegal to carry or export antiquities without a permit. Contact your nearest Indian embassy or consulate for advice. It's illegal to photograph airports, military sites and dams. Some places of worship also prohibit photography.
- Cows roam freely in India. It's illegal to maim or kill them deliberately. In some states, the penalty is up to 5 years in jail.
- India has strict dress and behaviour codes, especially at religious sites. Physical contact between men and women in public might be considered inappropriate.
- A Look Out Circular (LOC) may be issued against you if you are charged with an offence, or a complaint is made against you. This will prevent you from leaving India until court proceedings are finalised. Court proceedings in India are lengthy and delays are common.
Full travel advice: Local laws
Travel
- You must apply for a visa before arrival. Check your eligibility and apply online for an e-visa by visiting the Government of India's Indian Visa Online website. For information on other visa types and immigration requirements, see the eFRRO and Bureau of Indian Immigration websites or contact the nearest high commission/embassy or consulate of India for the latest details.
- You may need permission from Indian authorities to visit 'restricted' or 'protected' areas, particularly in the north-east.
- Travelling by road in India can be dangerous, particularly at night. Accidents are common.
- If you have had a baby in India, you must inform the Foreigners Registration Office (FRRO) and secure the appropriate travel document and Indian visa to remain legally in the country or to travel. Failure to comply could result in significant financial penalties by the FRRO.
Full travel advice: Travel
Local contacts
- The Consular Services Charter details what we can and can't do to help you overseas.
- For consular help, contact the Australian High Commission in New Delhi, or the Australian Consulate-General in Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata or Bengaluru.
- To stay up to date with local information, follow the High Commission's social media accounts.
Full travel advice: Local contacts
Full advice
Safety
Terrorism
Terrorist attacks are possible in India anywhere and at any time.
The Australian Government continues to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks in India.
The Indian Government regularly issues public alert warnings about possible terrorist attacks.
Terrorist attacks could target foreigners. Violence directed at others may affect you.
Terrorists have targeted popular tourist areas, including:
- hotels, markets and cinemas
- restaurants, bars and cafes
- tourist and religious sites
- transport hubs and public transport networks
- sporting events
- local courts and Indian security and political establishments
Targets could also include major tourist attractions and shopping centres.
Attacks could happen during significant times such as:
- Republic Day, 26 January
- Independence Day, 15 August
- periods of religious significance
- other major holidays - noting each state has different holidays
Many terrorist attacks in India have involved multiple explosions, one after the other. These attacks have caused a high number of deaths.
Militants have crossed the border into India to conduct attacks in the past. This will likely continue.
Attacks on the military and police in Jammu and Kashmir often lead to violent clashes.
Outside of major cities, security on public transport is limited, including on buses and railways.
Security at airports has improved due to the threat of terrorist attacks against Indian aviation interests.
To protect yourself from terrorist attacks:
- check the media for threats
- take official warnings seriously
- consider the level of security at your destination
- avoid areas that are possible terrorist targets
- have a clear exit plan for crowded places and potential targets
- report suspicious activity or items to the police
If there's an attack, leave the area as soon as it's safe to. Avoid the affected area in case of secondary attacks. Security officials may disable phone services when the threat of an attack is imminent, or directly after an incident.
Terrorism is a threat worldwide.
More information:
Jammu and Kashmir
A heightened Indian security presence is in place, with additional restrictive measures applying to public gatherings and internet and telecommunications services. Monitor local media and follow the advice of local authorities.
In the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir there is a high risk of:
- terrorist attacks
- violent demonstrations
There is a higher risk in rural areas and areas close to the border with Pakistan.
Terrorists have kidnapped foreigners in Jammu and Kashmir. Terrorists have also targeted tourist buses.
People have been killed and seriously injured in widespread violent protests. More police have been sent to the region.
Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana
Maoist insurgents, known as Naxalites, have attacked rural and forested areas of the state of Chhattisgarh.
There is a risk of Naxalite violence in border regions of:
- Odisha
- Jharkhand
- Maharashtra
- Andhra Pradesh
- Telangana
Borders with Pakistan
Parts of the India-Pakistan border have a high risk of:
- landmines
- cross-border attacks
- violence
Always be alert to possible threats near the Atari-Wagah border crossing. The Integrated Check Post (ICP) at Attari Border has been closed with immediate effect.
Manipur
Curfews and restrictions have been imposed in parts of Manipur following violent demonstrations, resulting in casualties. Security agencies have increased their presence in the region. Mobile data, internet and transport services continue to be affected. Further restrictions may be imposed at short notice. If you are in Manipur, you should consider leaving if it's safe to do so. Monitor local media for updates, follow the advice of local authorities and take official warnings seriously.
Nagaland
The north-eastern states of Nagaland have a high risk of:
- armed robbery
- kidnapping
- extortion
- separatist and insurgent violence
Insurgent groups have:
- attacked civilians
- bombed buildings
Assam
Assam's border districts of Tinsukia, Dibrugarh, Charaideo and Sivasagar are classified as 'disturbed areas' under the Indian Government's Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA). There is a high risk of internal law and order disruption from separatist and insurgent violence in these areas.
Kidnapping
Kidnapping occurs across the world with political, ideological and criminal motives. Foreigners, including Australians, have been kidnapped overseas while travelling. Kidnaps can happen anywhere, anytime, including in destinations that are typically at lower risk.
There have been incidents of kidnappings in Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Rajasthan and the Northeastern Region.
If, despite our advice, you travel to an area with a high risk of kidnapping, our ability to provide consular assistance in these destinations will be limited.
To reduce the risk of kidnapping:
- always be alert to your personal security and surroundings
- get professional security advice for travel in locations with a heightened kidnap risk
- check your accommodation has appropriate security measures
- avoid isolated locations, particularly when travelling alone
- vary your movements, and don't set patterns
- don’t display money or valuables in public
- notify family or friends of planned travel, and share your location
- avoid talking about your money or business affairs
- use ATMs in public places and during daylight hours
- avoid giving personal details to strangers online or over the phone
- always use licensed taxi services
The Australian Government's longstanding policy is that it doesn't make payments or concessions to kidnappers. Ransom payments to kidnappers have funded further terrorist attacks and criminal activity. Paying a ransom to terrorist groups will likely break Australian counter-terrorism financing laws.
More information:
Civil unrest and political tension
Following recent hostilities in Jammu and Kashmir and border areas with Pakistan a ceasefire has come into effect. We recommend you monitor local media, take official warnings seriously and follow the advice of local authorities.
Airports across northern and western India have reopened for flight operations. Check flight times with your airline well in advance of your flight and allow extra time for heightened security checks in place.
We continue to advise do not travel to the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, the entire India-Pakistan border area, and Manipur. This doesn’t apply to the Union Territory of Ladakh. India has closed the Attari border crossing with Pakistan.
Public protests and events that draw large groups of people can turn violent.
Violent protests and demonstrations occur from time to time. They can happen with little or no warning.
Many people have died due to civil unrest and communal violence in India.
Triggers for demonstrations include:
- international events
- political developments in the region
- election periods
- local events
Demonstrations may affect public transport.
Large crowds at religious ceremonies and gatherings can be dangerous. They have led to life-threatening situations such as stampedes.
Indian authorities may:
- set curfews
- limit mobile network availability
- restrict activity
To protect yourself from civil unrest and violence:
- avoid demonstrations, political events, rallies, processions and large public gatherings
- check the news and other sources for information
- avoid areas affected by civil unrest
- take official warnings seriously
- follow the advice of local authorities
- plan your activities to avoid days of national and commemorative significance
Be prepared to change your travel plans if there's an incident.
If you're affected by transport disruptions, contact your airline, travel agent or insurer for help.
More information:
Crime
Sexual assault
Women in India may experience:
- unwanted attention
- harassment
- assault
- sexual assault
It is rare for people who commit these crimes to be successfully prosecuted by the law.
There are consistent, ongoing allegations and reports of sexual misconduct. These reports have involved religious groups and their leaders. If you're visiting India for religious reasons, find out about your hosts before travelling.
Avoid travelling alone if you're female, even in major cities and tourist sites.
Many travellers have been robbed and assaulted after consuming spiked drinks or food.
More information:
Petty crime
Petty theft is common in crowded areas such as:
- markets
- trade fairs
- expos
- airports and train stations
- public transport, including overnight and long-distance trains
Thieves on motorcycles snatch bags and jewellery.
To protect yourself from petty crime:
- pay close attention to your personal belongings, especially in crowded areas
- keep car doors locked, windows up, and valuables out of sight, when parked and when moving
- carry only what you need, including your passport
- leave valuables in a secure location
- avoid wearing expensive watches, jewellery and cameras
- avoid carrying bags that are easy to snatch
If you're walking, stay on footpaths, if possible, and:
- away from the kerb
- with your bag held away from traffic
Avoid travelling alone, especially at night:
- on public transport
- in cars, taxis and rickshaws
Avoid less populous and unlit areas. This includes city streets, village lanes and beaches.
Scams
Scams in India can involve:
- ATM and credit cards
- train tickets
- taxis
- temple donations
- tour guides
Tour guide scams
Tour guides attempt to sell fraudulent tour packages. Some guides may try to 'prove' that your existing tour package is invalid to sell you their package.
Strangers posing as 'guides' may attempt to take travellers to tourist areas. The fake guide transports the victim to an isolated area, where they then attempt to rob and assault them.
Check that any person holding a placard with your name knows where you are going.
Card skimming scams
Card skimming devices copy details from the magnetic strip on your ATM and credit cards. These details are transferred onto a blank card for the criminal to use. There is a high risk of card skimming at ATMs.
To avoid credit and debit card scams:
- keep your credit card in sight at all times
- don't show your PIN to others, especially when using ATMs
- check your transaction statements
Government services scams
Touts or agents near government offices tell foreigners they can provide faster services for a fee. They may be present around places such as the Foreigner Regional Registration Office.
Reporting scams
If you're the victim of a scam report it immediately to the nearest police station. You may not be able to get your money or goods back. However, the police can give you an official report so you can make a claim with your insurer. See Local contacts.
Cyber security
You may be at risk of cyber-based threats during overseas travel to any country. Digital identity theft is a growing concern. Your devices and personal data can be compromised, especially if you're connecting to Wi-Fi, using or connecting to shared or public computers, or Bluetooth.
Social media can also be risky in destinations with social or political tensions or laws that may seem unreasonable by Australian standards. Travellers have been arrested for things they have said on social media. Don't comment on local or political events on your social media.
More information:
Drink spiking and methanol poisoning
Many travellers have been robbed and assaulted after consuming spiked drinks.
Home-made or unlabelled alcohol can be poisonous.
Drink spiking incidents have occurred:
- on public transport
- in hotels, restaurants and bars
To protect yourself from drink spiking:
- don't accept drinks from strangers
- don't leave drinks unattended
- if you're not certain your drink is safe, don't drink it
Be alert to the potential risks around drink spiking and methanol poisoning through consuming alcoholic drinks. See our advice on partying safely while overseas.
Get urgent medical attention if you think you or someone else has been drugged.
Methanol can be used in unregulated alcohol production to lower costs. Methanol is highly toxic. As little as one shot can be fatal. Act quickly if you suspect you or someone you're travelling with has been poisoned. Urgent medical attention could save your life or save you from permanent disability. Report suspected cases of methanol poisoning to the police.
- be careful drinking cocktails and drinks made with spirits
- drink only at reputable licensed premises
- avoid home-made alcoholic drinks
- labels on bottles aren't always accurate
More information:
Tours and adventure activities
Touts may use aggressive tactics to persuade you to buy tickets for tours. You'll often see them at:
- airports
- railway stations
- bus stations
They may not have any connection to tour services. You may be overcharged.
Businesses don't always follow safety and maintenance standards. This includes:
- transport
- tour operators
- adventure activities
If you plan to do an adventure activity:
- check if your travel insurance policy covers it
- check the credentials of the operator
- ask about and insist on minimum safety requirements
- always use available safety gear, such as life jackets or seatbelts
If proper safety equipment isn't available, use another provider.
Wildlife safety
Tigers attack and kill people in India.
Monkeys may attempt to steal items from people at temples and busy tourist attractions.
If you plan to observe or photograph wildlife:
- always respect wildlife laws and park regulations
- only use reputable and professional guides
- keep a safe distance
Climate and natural disasters
Severe weather
India experiences natural disasters and severe weather, including:
- heatwaves and drought
- floods and landslides
- cyclones and storms
- dust storms
- earthquakes and tsunamis
If there's a natural disaster:
- always carry your passport in a waterproof bag
- keep in touch with family and friends
- check the media, the India Meteorological Department website and other local sources for information
- follow the advice of local authorities
Heatwaves and drought
The climate in India is varied.
Heatwaves can cause droughts and water shortages in summer.
Floods and landslides
Monsoon rains occur. The highest risk is from June to October.
Monsoon rains can cause:
- extensive flooding and landslides
- disruptions to transportation
- areas to be cut off from roads for many days
- disruption to services, including phone, internet and electricity
High-risk areas include:
- Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in the north and east
- Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in the south
Floods have affected millions of people and caused many deaths.
If you're travelling during monsoon season, ask your tour operator if services have been affected.
Cyclones and storms
Cyclones are common in Indian waters from April to December. They are particularly common around the Bay of Bengal in eastern India.
Coastal and some inland areas are vulnerable to storm surges, particularly:
- Odisha, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Puducherry
- Kerala
- Lakshadweep
- the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Western India (Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat)
Cyclones and storms can disrupt critical services, including:
- emergency and medical care
- telecommunications
- transport
- food and water supplies
If there's a cyclone or storm:
- you may get stuck in the area
- flights could be delayed or suspended
- available flights may fill quickly
- adequate shelter may not be available
If you arrive during the wet season, contact your tour operator to check if services are affected.
Dust storms
Dust storms occur during summer and have caused deaths.
Earthquakes and tsunamis
Earth tremors are common in India, particularly in the north-eastern states.
Earth tremors can cause landslides in hilly and mountainous areas.
If there is an earthquake, expect severe disruptions to services.
To stay safe during an earthquake:
- know the emergency plans at your accommodation
- follow the instructions and advice of local authorities
- follow evacuation orders
All oceanic regions of the world can experience tsunamis. However, the Indian and Pacific Oceans experience large, destructive tsunamis more often. Be alert to warnings. A tsunami could quickly follow a tremor or earthquake.
Move to high ground straight away if:
- local authorities advise you to
- you feel a strong earthquake that makes it hard to stand up
- you feel a weak, rolling earthquake that lasts a minute or more
- you see a sudden rise or fall in sea level
- you hear loud and unusual noises from the sea
Don't wait for official warnings. Once on high ground, monitor local media and weather services.
More information:
Health
Travel insurance
Get comprehensive travel insurance before you travel.
Your policy needs to cover all overseas medical costs, including medical evacuation. The Australian Government won't pay for these costs.
If you can't afford travel insurance, you can't afford to travel. This applies to everyone, no matter how healthy and fit you are.
If you're not insured, you may have to pay many thousands of dollars up-front for medical care.
Confirm:
- what activities and care your policy covers
- that your insurance covers you for the whole time you'll be away
Physical and mental health
Consider your physical and mental health before you travel, especially if you have an existing medical condition.
See your doctor or travel clinic to:
- have a basic health check-up
- ask if your travel plans may affect your health
- plan any vaccinations you need
Do this at least 8 weeks before you leave.
If you have immediate concerns for your welfare or the welfare of another Australian, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on +61 2 6261 3305 or contact your nearest Australian Embassy, High Commission or Consulate to discuss counselling hotlines and services available in your location.
Mental health treatment and services can differ to those in Australia.
More information:
- General health advice
- Healthy holiday tips (Healthdirect Australia)
Medications
Not all medication available over the counter or by prescription in Australia is available in other countries. Some may even be considered illegal or a controlled substance, even if prescribed by an Australian doctor.
If you plan to bring medication, check if it's legal in India. Take enough legal medicine for your trip.
Carry a copy of your prescription or a letter from your doctor stating:
- what the medication is
- your required dosage
- that it's for personal use
More information:
Health risks
Influenza
Various strains of influenza, including Swine flu or influenza A (H1N1), occur throughout India.
Talk to your GP or travel doctor about vaccinations before you leave Australia.
Insect-borne diseases
Insect-borne diseases are common, including:
Malaria is a risk in most parts of India, including major cities.
Dengue is widespread, especially after the monsoon season.
Zika virus outbreaks can occur in India. There's no vaccination available for the Zika virus.
If you're pregnant:
- talk to your doctor about your travel plans
- defer non-essential travel to affected areas
To protect yourself from disease:
- make sure your accommodation is insect-proof
- use insect repellent
- wear long, loose, light-coloured clothing
- consider taking medicine to prevent malaria
More information:
-
Zika virus fact sheet (WHO)
Nipah Virus
Nipah virus outbreaks can occur in India. There’s no vaccination available for the Nipah virus. Nipah virus is usually transmitted through contact with an infected person or through infected animals, such as bats, as well as food and materials contaminated with their saliva or urine.
Mpox
Cases of Mpox have been reported in India. Mpox can be transmitted to humans through physical contact with an infectious person, infected animals or contaminated materials.
Maintain strict hygiene standards. Avoid physical contact with anyone who has Mpox.
More information:
- Mpox (Australian Government)
HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS is widespread in India. Take precautions if you engage in activities that expose you to the risk of infection.
Other health risks
Waterborne, foodborne, parasitic and other infectious diseases are very common, including:
Tap water is not safe to drink.
To protect yourself from illness:
- drink treated water or drink bottled water with intact seals
- avoid ice cubes
- avoid raw and undercooked food
- don't swim in freshwater
- avoid contact with dogs, monkeys and other mammals
If you're bitten or scratched by an animal, seek medical help straight away.
Get medical attention if you suspect food poisoning or have a fever or diarrhoea.
More information:
Air quality
Air pollution levels in parts of India can spike to hazardous levels during the winter months, October to February.
Severe pollution can cause:
- flight delays
- traffic delays
- accidents
It can also increase the risk of breathing problems.
People who have pre-existing medical conditions, particularly heart and lung conditions, may be especially affected.
If you're concerned about the levels of air pollution:
- seek medical advice
- follow advice from local authorities about methods to reduce exposure
- monitor an air quality index
- reduce your exposure
More information:
Medical care
Medical facilities
Medical facilities in major cities have adequate treatment standards. Facilities in remote and rural areas can be very limited or unavailable.
If you're seriously ill or injured, you may be evacuated to a place with better facilities. Medical evacuation can be very expensive with long lead times.
Restrictions on airspace in some locations (including, but not limited to, Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir) may prevent commercial medical evacuation. Should you be involved in a serious accident, air evacuation by the Indian Air Force may be the only option. Costs can be in the tens of thousands of dollars.
Medical tourism
Medical tourism has become more common in India, including for:
- cosmetic procedures
- experimental stem cell treatments
- dental treatments
Standards are variable, and some medical establishments are uncertified.
Serious and possibly life-threatening complications can and do occur.
If you plan to visit India for medical tourism:
- research and choose your medical service providers carefully
- don't use discounts or uncertified medical service providers
More information:
Decompression chambers
Decompression chambers are available at:
- the Indian Navy base in Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- the Goa Medical College, Goa
Local laws
Local laws
You're subject to all local laws and penalties, including those that may appear harsh by Australian standards. Research local laws before travelling.
If you're arrested or jailed, the Australian Government will do what it can to help you under our Consular Services Charter. But we can't get you out of trouble or out of jail.
If you're arrested for a major offence, you could go to prison for several years before you receive a verdict.
If you're imprisoned, there could be delays in getting help from the Australian Government. This is due to India's consular access approval requirements.
Look Out Circular (LOC)
If you are charged with an offence or a complaint is made against you, a Look Out Circular (LOC) may be issued against you, preventing you from leaving India until court proceedings are finalised. Court proceedings are lengthy, and delays are common, even for minor cases. You may not be informed if an LOC has been placed against you. Most people only know about an LOC when advised by immigration authorities on arrival or departure.
Satellite phones and satellite enabled navigation devices
Carrying or operating satellite phones and satellite-enabled GPS devices in India without a licence is illegal. This includes personal emergency beacons such as emergency position indicating radio beacons (EPIRBs) or personal locator beacons (PLBs) but does not cover regular smartphones or personal electronic devices with maps or location services. Australian citizens have been detained and charged with significant fines for carrying satellite phones and satellite-enabled GPS / navigational devices on entry, exit or during transit without prior permission from the Indian Department of Telecommunications. Contact the nearest Indian embassy or consulate for advice.
Carrying satellite phones and other satellite-enabled navigational devices into India is punishable by imprisonment for up to 3 years, a fine of up to INR20 million (around USD 233,000), or both. You could be arrested or detained, receive a large fine, have the device confiscated and face significant travel delays.
Drugs and alcohol
Penalties for drug offences are severe and can include mandatory sentences and the death penalty. There is a minimum sentence of 6 months imprisonment for possession of small amounts deemed for personal consumption only. A 10-year prison sentence applies for possession of other amounts. The judicial process is slow, and it is normal for you to be detained for months or years while your case is processed.
The legal drinking age varies, depending on the state. The legal drinking age can vary for different types of alcohol.
Some states permit alcohol use for medicinal purposes only. Others require you to hold a permit to buy, transport or drink alcohol.
Some states prohibit alcohol from being brought in from outside the state, and police may check vehicles to enforce this law.
Check the alcohol laws of each place you plan to visit.
E-cigarettes and vaporisers
It is illegal to import, possess or use e-cigarettes, vaporisers or their components, such as refills. Penalties include imprisonment.
Surrogacy laws
Commercial surrogacy is illegal in India.
More information:
Dowries
It's illegal to give or receive a dowry.
Courts can issue arrest alert notices for dowry claims a wronged party's request.
If you've been involved in giving or receiving a dowry or a case has been filed against you for dowry and harassment, you could be arrested on arrival into India.
Drones
It's illegal to fly unmanned aircraft systems, such as drones, without official permission, particularly:
- within a 30km radius of India Gate in New Delhi
- near military, transport and power facilities
Contact local police for advice and to get permission.
Antiquities
Possessing or exporting antiquities without official permission is illegal. For information contact the Indian Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs or an embassy or consulate of India.
Photography
It's illegal to photograph or trespass on:
- airports
- military establishments
- dams
It's also illegal to take pictures or videos of some places of worship. Always check with the building's administrative office before taking photos or videos.
Other laws
In India, it's illegal to:
- not carry your passport and a valid visa
- possess firearms or ammunition
- do religious missionary work without an appropriate visa
In some states, attempting to convert a person to another religion is illegal by force or other enticement.
It's also illegal to maim or kill a cow deliberately. The penalty is up to 5 years imprisonment in some states.
Serious crimes
Some crimes may result in the death penalty, including:
- murder
- kidnapping for ransom
- armed robbery with murder
- treason
- rape, in certain circumstances
More information:
Australian laws
Some Australian criminal laws still apply when you're overseas. If you break these laws, you may face prosecution in Australia.
More information:
Local customs
Codes of dress and behaviour are strict in India. These are particularly important at religious sites.
Physical contact between men and women in public might be considered inappropriate. Take care not to offend.
If in doubt, seek local advice.
Ramadan
In some areas of India, the Islamic holy month of Ramadan is observed. Respect religious and cultural customs and laws at this time.
During Ramadan, eating, drinking and smoking may be illegal in public during the day. If you're not fasting, avoid these activities around people who are. Seek local advice to avoid offence.
Explore our Ramadan page to learn more, including dates for Ramadan.
Dual citizenship
The Indian constitution doesn't recognise dual nationality.
Indian law allows people of Indian origin in some countries to apply for Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI). This includes people in Australia.
Check the Overseas Citizenship of India section of the Indian Government's Ministry of Home Affairs website for details.
More information:
Travel
Visas and border measures
Visa requirements
You must apply for a visa before arrival. Check if you're eligible for an e-visa on the Indian Visa Online website. For information regarding other visa categories or entry and exit requirements, see the Indian High Commission in Australia website.
For information and advice regarding Indian visas and immigration regulations while in India, see the FRRO/FRO and the Bureau of Immigration websites.
If your visa has expired or you have overstayed your visa, make sure you regularise your immigration status with the FRRO/FRO before you seek to travel. Immigration authorities may prevent you from leaving India on an expired visa.
If you have had a baby born in India, you'll need to inform the FRRO about the child's birth and that you will be applying for an Australian citizenship and a passport for the child. Don't delay in securing appropriate travel documents and an Indian visa to remain legally in the country or to travel. Failure to inform the FRRO could result in a significant financial penalty.
Electronic visas
You may be eligible for an Electronic Visa (e-Visa) for:
- tourism
- business
- medical reasons
Get your e-Visa before travelling. You will not be able to get a visa on arrival.
Check that you're eligible before you apply. See the Government of India's Indian Visa Online website for details.
Tourist e-Visa
Indian Tourist e-Visas can be granted for 30 days, one year or five years. Additional conditions regarding the maximum length of stay may apply depending on the nationality shown on your passport. Detailed information regarding your visa validity and the maximum length of stay for each visa category can be found on the Indian Visa Online and Ministry of Home Affairs websites.
Beware of fake websites offering e-Visa services.
Carry a printed copy of your e-Visa, known as an electronic travel authorisation (ETA).
You'll get a formal visa in your passport when you arrive in India.
Long queues are common at immigration counters in India, regardless of visa type.
Not all international airports in India allow passengers to enter with an e-Visa. Check with your nearest Indian consulate, embassy or agent and organise a visa before you arrive.
If you present an e-Visa at an entry point where the e-Visa is not recognised, you:
- won't be able to apply for any other visa
- won't be allowed to enter India
- will be deported
If you have an e-Visa, you can leave India from any authorised immigration checkpoint.
Other visas
Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) Card holders
Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) cards are multiple entry, multi-purpose lifelong visas to visit India. OCI holders are entitled to live and work in India.
OCI holders who are issued with a new Australian passport must update their details on the OCI portal
Australian citizens holding Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) card must update their OCI every time they renew their Australian Passport. For information and advice on OCI related issue, see OCI website.
More information:
All other visa applicants should contact the nearest Indian embassy or consulate.
Other conditions
If you don't have a valid passport or visa, you could be deported by Indian authorities.
Some visas require you to register yourself within 14 days of your arrival. Failing to do so may prevent you from departing India. Visit the Ministry of Home Affairs website for details.
The Australian High Commission and Australian Consulates-General in India can't help you to stay if you don't have the correct documents.
Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. Contact the Indian High Commission in Canberra for details about visas, currency, customs and quarantine rules.
Indian authorities have closed the Integrated Check Post (ICP) at Attari Border (Land border between India and Pakistan in the state of Punjab) with immediate effect. If you have plans to travel to India from Pakistan using any land borders, consider making alternate and follow the follow the advice of local authorities
More information:
Volunteering
If you're considering volunteer work, talk to the nearest embassy or consulate about visa requirements before travelling. This includes students visiting India under the New Colombo Plan.
Volunteer responsibly.
Make sure you are contributing in an ethical and meaningful way.
Overstays and exit visas
You could incur heavy penalties for overstaying your visa, including being jailed.
Check your visa conditions and make sure you comply.
Leave India before your visa expires.
If your passport is lost or stolen while you're in India, contact the nearest Australian mission to get a replacement travel document. You'll then need to get an exit visa through the online portal Foreigner's Regional Registration Office (FRRO) before you leave.
If your passport is lost or stolen:
- report it to the police
- arrange a replacement travel document from the nearest Australian Embassy, High Commission or Consulate
- apply for an exit visa from the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs
Other formalities
Currency laws
Laws controlling the import and export of Indian rupees, foreign currency and other goods can change with little notice.
Contact your nearest Indian embassy or consulate for up-to-date information.
Yellow fever vaccination
You'll need a valid yellow fever vaccination certificate to enter India if you travel from an area where yellow fever occurs.
See the Indian Government's Bureau of Immigration for advice.
More information:
Long-stay registration
If you plan to stay in India for more than 180 days and do not hold an OCI card, register within 14 days of arrival with the Foreigner Regional Registration Office (FRRO) in major cities.
In other areas, you can register with the Superintendent of Police.
All visitors on long-term visas must register. This includes, but is not limited to, the following visas:
- student
- business
- medical
- research
- employment
- missionary
- project visas
If you don't register, you could face fines or imprisonment.
You may not be able to leave India until the Bureau of Immigration grants permission.
If you or someone you're travelling with has a short-term Tourist Visa and is hospitalised, you may be able to extend or 'convert' to a Medical Visa.
Passport
Validity
Some countries require you to have at least 6 months of validity remaining on your passport after the date you plan to leave. This can apply even if you're transiting or stopping over.
Some foreign governments and airlines apply the rule inconsistently. Travellers can receive conflicting advice from different sources.
The Australian Government does not set these rules. Check your passport's expiry date before you travel. If you're not sure it'll be valid for long enough, consider getting a new passport.
Lost or stolen passport
Your passport is a valuable document. It's attractive to people who may try to use your identity to commit crimes.
Some people may try to trick you into giving them your passport. Always keep it in a safe place.
If your passport is lost or stolen, tell the Australian Government as soon as possible:
- In Australia, contact the Australian Passport Information Service.
- If you're overseas, contact the nearest Australian embassy or consulate.
Passport with 'X' gender identifier
Although Australian passports comply with international standards for sex and gender, we can't guarantee that a passport showing 'X' in the sex field will be accepted for entry or transit by another country. Contact the nearest embassy, high commission or consulate of your destination before you arrive at the border to confirm if authorities will accept passports with 'X' gender markers.
More information:
Money
ATMs that accept international debit and credit cards are widely available in larger cities and towns. However, they're harder to find in rural areas.
Cash shortages at ATMs can be a problem in rural areas.
Traveller's cheques are not widely accepted.
Counterfeit currency is in circulation. Take care when dealing with cash.
More information:
Local travel
Travel delays
Travel delays are common.
Expect delays around days of national significance, including:
- Republic Day, 26 January
- Independence Day, 15 August
Fog often affects northern India, particularly during December and January. Fog may cause:
- delays to air and rail travel
- dangerous road travel conditions
Travel restrictions
You may need permission from Indian authorities to visit areas designated as 'restricted' or 'protected', particularly in the north-east.
Some state and union territory governments restrict foreigners from travelling around these areas. Additional permission may be required for foreigners born in certain countries. This also applies to Australians born in those countries, even if travelling on an Australian passport.
There are heavy penalties for entering a protected or restricted area without permission.
The Ministry of Home Affairs has temporarily excluded the following areas from the Protected Area regime. Visit the Bureau of Indian Immigration webpage for details.
- Manipur
- Mizoram
- Nagaland
If you plan to visit a protected or restricted area or to confirm if additional requirements apply to your circumstances:
- seek advice from an embassy or consulate of India or the Ministry of Home Affairs
- apply at least 4 weeks in advance
Driving permit
You can drive without an Indian driver's licence for 3 months if you have both:
- an International Driving Permit
- your current Australian driver's licence (digital driver's licences may not be accepted)
Your licence must be valid for the type of vehicle you are driving.
You need an Indian driver's licence if you plan to drive in India for over 3 months.
Your insurance may be void if you have an accident without the correct licence. You could be liable for the accident as an unlicensed driver.
Road travel
Travelling by road in India can be dangerous. Accidents are common.
Hazards include:
- poorly maintained vehicles
- poor quality and congested roads
- roads shared with pedestrians, carts, cattle and other livestock
- vehicles travelling in the wrong direction, often without warning
Travelling by road at night is particularly dangerous due to:
- insufficient or non-existent lighting
- other vehicles driving with headlights off or on high beam
If you hit a pedestrian or cow, you're at risk of being attacked or becoming a victim of extortion, even if you weren't driving the vehicle.
If it's unsafe to remain at the scene of an accident, go to the nearest police station.
To stay safe when driving:
- avoid driving at night
- avoid driving in fog
- if you hit a pedestrian or cow, go straight to the nearest police station
More information:
Motorcycles
If you plan on riding a motorbike:
- check that your travel insurance policy covers you
- exercise caution
- always wear a helmet
Restrictions on airspace in some locations (including, but not limited to, Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir) may prevent commercial medical evacuation. Should you be involved in a serious accident, air evacuation by the Indian Air Force may be the only option. Costs can be in the tens of thousands of dollars.
Taxis
Use a pre-paid taxi service when you arrive at the airport.
It's difficult to verify if street taxis are legitimate.
Use taxi services booked from hotels or taxi stands. Don't hail taxis on the street.
Don't use unmarked private cars as taxis.
Rideshare apps are widely used in major cities. You can use these apps with a SIM card.
Public transport
Bus and train services can be dangerous due to the following:
- overcrowding
- poor maintenance
- drivers who don't have adequate training
- fires
If you travel by train, find out where the emergency exits are located.
More information:
Sea travel
There may not be safety equipment, such as life jackets, on:
- tourist boats
- ferries
- other small commercial craft
Before you book, check the operators' credentials and safety equipment.
More information:
Air travel
DFAT doesn't provide information on the safety of individual commercial airlines or flight paths.
Check India's air safety profile with the Aviation Safety Network.
More information:
Tourism
Call 1800 11 1363 for 24/7 tourist helpline (in 12 languages), run by the Ministry of Tourism.
Contact your provider with any complaints about tourist services or products.
More information:
Local contacts
Emergencies
Depending on what you need, contact your:
- family and friends
- travel agent
- insurance provider
- employer
- airline
All emergencies
Call 112
Fire and rescue services
Call 101
Medical emergencies
Call 102
Police
Call 100
Always get a police report when you report a crime.
Your insurer should have a 24-hour emergency number.
Consular contacts
Read the Consular Services Charter for what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.
For consular assistance, contact:
Australian High Commission, New Delhi
No. 1/50 G Shantipath (Gate 1)
Chanakyapuri
New Delhi 110 021
Phone: (+91 11) 4139 9900
Fax: (+91 11) 2687 2228
Website: india.highcommission.gov.au
Email: ahc.newdelhi@dfat.gov.au
Facebook: Australia in India
X: @AusHCIndia
Instagram: AusHCIndia
Check the High Commission website for details about opening hours and any temporary closures.
Australian Consulate-General, Mumbai
Level 10, A Wing
Crescenzo Building, Opp MCA Cricket Club
G Block, Plot C 38-39
Bandra Kurla Complex
Mumbai 400 051
Phone: (+91 22) 6757 4900
Fax: (+91 22) 6757 4955
Website: mumbai.consulate.gov.au
Email: cg.mumbai@dfat.gov.au
Australian Consulate-General, Chennai
9th Floor, Express Chambers
Express Avenue Estate
Whites Road
Royapettah
Chennai 600 014
Tamil Nadu
Phone: (+91 44) 4592 1300
Fax: (+91 44) 4592 1320
Website: chennai.consulate.gov.au
Email: chennaiaustralianconsulate@dfat.gov.au
X: @AusCGChennai
Instagram: auscongen,chennai
Australian Consulate-General, Kolkata
1A, Ho Chi Minh Sarani
Kolkata 700 071
West Bengal
Phone: (+91 11) 4910 5980
Website: kolkata.consulate.gov.au
Email: acg.kolkata@dfat.gov.au
X: @AusCGKolkata
Australian Consulate-General, Bengaluru
The Ritz-Carlton
99 Residency Road
Bengaluru, Karnataka 560025
Phone: (+91 11) 4910 5960
Website: bengaluru.consulate.gov.au
Email: ACG.Bengaluru@dfat.gov.au
X: @AusCGBengaluru
24-hour Consular Emergency Centre
In a consular emergency, if you can't contact an embassy, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on:
-
+61 2 6261 3305 from overseas
-
1300 555 135 in Australia